RISK ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL LEVELS IN MAIZE FROM WASTE DUMPSITES IN MINNA METROPOLIS

Abstract

Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of Nigeria's most important cereal crops, contributing significantly to food
security. As a staple food, it provides a substantial portion of the daily calorie and nutrient intake for millions
of Nigerians, serving as an important source of carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and minerals. The study
investigated maize cultivated near dumpsites in Minna, Nigeria, using interviews, questionnaires, and
laboratory analyses of soil and maize samples from Maitumbi and Maikunkele areas. Heavy metals including
lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), and copper (Cu) were analyzed using a Perkin-Elmer Model 403
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer at the Federal University of Technology, Minna. Results showed that
soils from the Maikunkele dumpsite had the highest concentrations of most physicochemical properties. Maize
samples from both dumpsites and control sites contained notable Mn levels that ranged between (2.91–3.75
mg/kg). While the control site had no detectable Pb, the Maikunkele dumpsite recorded 1.15 mg/kg. Overall,
the findings indicate that maize cultivated on dumpsites in Minna is exposed to elevated levels of heavy metals,
particularly Pb and Cr, posing potential health and environmental risks.