IMPACT OF THE NATIONAL HEALTH INSURANCE SCHEME ON HEALTHCARE SERVICE DELIVERY IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF CUSTOMS HOSPITAL, KARU SITE, ABUJA

Abstract

This study examined the effect of the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) on healthcare service 
delivery at the Nigeria Customs Hospital, Karu Site, Abuja, with particular focus on accessibility, 
affordability, and quality of care. The research adopted a descriptive survey design, targeting both 
healthcare personnel and NHIS-enrolled patients, with a sample drawn using stratified random sampling. 
Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analysed to assess the relationship between 
NHIS implementation and healthcare service outcomes. Findings revealed that NHIS has improved access 
to medical services by enhancing timely patient attention, streamlining registration processes, and 
moderately reducing waiting times, although challenges persist in the availability of essential drugs and 
medical supplies. Regarding affordability, the scheme has alleviated some financial burdens of 
hospitalisation and medical procedures, yet out-of-pocket payments remain a concern for certain services. 
In terms of quality, NHIS has fostered better patient-provider interactions, professional conduct, and 
availability of qualified personnel, but improvements in infrastructure and diagnostic technologies are 
limited. Based on these findings, the study recommends strengthening drug supply systems, expanding 
financial protection, upgrading medical infrastructure, and promoting continuous staff development to 
optimise the scheme’s impact. The study concludes that while NHIS has contributed positively to 
healthcare service delivery, further measures are necessary to achieve equitable, affordable, and high
quality care for all enrollees