ARCHITECTURAL IDENTITY OF KANO, NIGERIA: EVALUATION AND CATEGORISATION

Abstract

This study investigates the evolution of Kano's architecture, identifying key influences such as Hausa 
traditions, Islamic planning pre-colonial forms, colonial interventions, and recent commercial expansion. 
It classifies architectural styles in Kano by form, building materials, and scale, highlighting significant 
trends and contributing factors. The research utilises a systematic literature review to synthesise existing 
scholarship, conducts archival research to analyse historical documents and plans, and undertakes direct 
field observations to document current architectural conditions. The study finds that the architectural 
identity of Kano is currently defined by a conflict between the superior climatic performance of vernacular 
traditions and the aspirational symbolism of modern vertical urbanism. This unresolved tension has 
resulted in environmentally inefficient buildings, the erosion of cultural heritage, and the progressive loss 
of indigenous construction knowledge. Thus, the study recommends that the Kano State Government 
should enact a demolition review statute requiring mandatory public impact assessments before any 
historic structure particularly those over 50 years old within the old city can be altered or demolished; 
incentive zoning mechanisms should be introduced to encourage developers to adopt conservation
oriented and climate-responsive design strategies; and Kano State Government should promote the use of 
compressed-earth blocks in public housing and institutional projects.