THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT ON NIGERIA’S ADMINISTRATION OF THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM

Abstract

This study critically examines the influence of technological advancement on the administration of the
criminal justice system in Nigeria, with a specific focus on understanding how modern technologies are
reshaping policing, legal processes, correctional services, and judicial efficiency. As digital
transformation continues to redefine governance globally, its impact on criminal justice institutions
especially in developing countries like Nigeria requires a robust empirical inquiry. The research aims to:
assess the extent to which technology has been adopted within the Nigerian criminal justice system.
Particular attention was paid to technologies such as biometric systems, digital case management
platforms, forensic tools, Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV), and virtual court proceedings. A descriptive
survey design was adopted for this study, and qualitative data were gathered using structural interview
administered to selected personnel across law enforcement agencies, the judiciary, and correctional
institutions. The data were analysed using qualitative software or tools. Findings indicate that while
technological tools are increasingly being deployed in Nigeria’s criminal justice system, their impact is
uneven due to systemic challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, poor digital literacy among
personnel, policy inconsistency, and limited budgetary allocation. Nevertheless, where effectively
implemented, technologies have improved investigative accuracy, reduced case delays, and enhanced
transparency in judicial processes. The study concludes that technology holds immense potential to
transform Nigeria's criminal justice system into a more efficient, accountable, and citizen-centric
institution. It recommends increased investment in digital infrastructure, capacity building for justice
personnel, and stronger legislative frameworks to support sustainable technological integration.